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PT-141

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Summary

Melanotan II, Bremelanotide

PT-141 (bremelanotide) is a peptide that works in the brain to affect sexual desire, unlike pills like Viagra that work through blood flow. It received FDA approval in 2019 under the brand name Vyleesi for low sexual desire in premenopausal women. It's given as an on-demand injection with common side effects including nausea and flushing.

Current Research
  • Central sexual desire pharmacology
  • Melanocortin-mediated behavior
  • Reproductive health research
Identification
CAS
189691-06-3
Formula
C48H69N14O9
M.W.
1025.18 g/mol

Key Research Statistics

Melanocortin-Based Sexual Health

FDAApproved (Vyleesi)June 2019 — for HSDD in premenopausal women
1,247Phase 3 PatientsRECONNECT trial — 24 weeks, double-blind
MC4RCentral MechanismWorks on brain pathways — not vascular like PDE5i
Clinical Outcomes (RECONNECT Phase 3)
Desire (FSFI-D) and distress scores
PT-141 Desire Improvement42
Placebo Desire7
RECONNECT Phase 3 (P<.001)
Side Effect Profile
Manageable — most resolve within hours
Nausea40%
Flushing20%
Injection Site13%
Headache11%
Phase 3 (n=1,247)

Need-to-Know

  • Room Temperature (Lyophilized): Up to 3 weeks
  • Refrigerated (Reconstituted): Up to 30 days
  • Frozen (Lyophilized): 12+ months
  • Reconstitution Solution: Bacteriostatic water, Sterile water
  • Appearance: White powder

Regulatory Status

FDA-approvedApprovedApproved

FDA-approved in 2019 for specific indication in premenopausal women.

Sources: FDA.gov

History

1960s
Early studies on hormones that affect sexual behavior.
1980s
Tanning hormones developed at University of Arizona.
1990s
Sexual effects discovered accidentally during tanning research at University of Arizona (1996).
2000s
Redeveloped specifically for sexual dysfunction; first described in 2003.
2010s
Clinical trials for low libido.
2020s
FDA approved in 2019 for low sex drive in women; first drug of its kind.

3D Structure

7-amino-acid peptide · 1025.18 g/mol

Interactive model
PT-141 molecule previewExplore 3D Structure

PT-141 at the Cellular Level

Melanocortin-4 agonist

Mechanism
PT-141 cellular mechanism preview

PT-141 in the Body

Bremelanotide (MC4R agonist)

Reproductive
PT-141 in the Body

Research Library

Peer-reviewed studies

From Published Literature

"Women taking bremelanotide had statistically significant increases in sexual desire and reductions in distress related to low sexual desire compared with placebo."

Phase 3 trial investigatorsObstetrics & Gynecology
Verify on PubMed

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