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Semaglutide

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Summary

GLP-1 agonist

Semaglutide is a once-weekly injectable medication that mimics GLP-1, a hormone that regulates blood sugar and appetite. Clinical trials showed it produces about 15% average weight loss in obesity and improves blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes. It's FDA-approved under the brand names Ozempic and Rybelsus for diabetes, and Wegovy for weight management.

Current Research
  • GLP-1 signaling in metabolic regulation
  • Body weight in obesity research
  • Cardiovascular outcomes
  • Hepatic and liver research
Identification
CAS
910463-68-2
Formula
C187H291N45O59
M.W.
4114 g/mol

Key Research Statistics

GLP-1 Receptor Agonist

3FDA ApprovalsOzempic (2017), Wegovy (2021), MASH (2025)
SELECT Trial — Cardiovascular Risk Reduction
n=17,604 — largest CV outcomes trial for any GLP-1
CV Death ↓33%
Stroke ↓25%
Heart Attack ↓21%
MACE Overall ↓20%
SELECT trial 2023 (n=17,604)
STEP-1 Responder Rates (68 weeks)
Patients achieving target weight loss
≥5% Loss86.4%
≥10% Loss69.1%
≥15% Loss50.2%
STEP 1 (n=1,961)
Weight Loss Comparison Across GLP-1s
Retatrutide 12mg28.7%
Tirzepatide 15mg22.5%
CagriSema20.4%
Semaglutide 2.4mg14.9%
Cross-trial comparison

Need-to-Know

  • Room Temperature (Lyophilized): Up to 3 weeks
  • Refrigerated (Reconstituted): Per manufacturer
  • Frozen (Lyophilized): 12+ months
  • Reconstitution Solution: Per manufacturer
  • Appearance: White powder

Regulatory Status

FDA-approvedApprovedApproved

FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes and weight management.

Sources: FDA.gov

History

1970s
Hormone research began in the 1970s.
2000s
Development started early 2000s; completed in 2012.
2010s
FDA approved for diabetes (2017); oral version approved (2019).
2020s
Approved for weight loss (2021); became blockbuster drug.

3D Structure

31-amino-acid peptide · 4114 g/mol

Interactive model
Semaglutide molecule previewExplore 3D Structure

Semaglutide at the Cellular Level

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Mechanism
Semaglutide cellular mechanism preview

Semaglutide in the Body

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Metabolic
Semaglutide in the Body

Research Library

Peer-reviewed studies

From Published Literature

"Semaglutide promotes weight loss, improves metabolic health, and offers benefits across related conditions, with a favorable clinical profile in type 2 diabetes and obesity."

Dr. Mesk AlkhatibPeer-reviewed Journal
Verify on PubMed

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