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NAD⁺

NAD⁺ vial frontNAD⁺ vial back
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Summary

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, Coenzyme I, DPN+

NAD+ is a coenzyme found in every cell of your body that plays a crucial role in energy production and cellular repair. NAD+ levels naturally decline with age, which has led researchers to study supplementation with precursor molecules like NR and NMN. Direct NAD+ doesn't absorb well when taken orally, so most research focuses on these precursor compounds instead.

Current Research
  • Cellular energy and NAD+ metabolism
  • Healthy-aging biomarker research
  • Mitochondrial function and neuroprotection
Identification
CAS
53-84-9
Formula
C21H27N7O14P2
M.W.
663.43 g/mol

Key Research Statistics

Cellular Energy & Longevity

~60%Blood NAD+ IncreaseNR 1000 mg/day × 6 weeks — crossover RCT in older adults
7Sirtuins ActivatedSIRT1–7 all require NAD+ as obligate co-substrate
500+Enzymatic ReactionsNAD+-dependent cellular processes across every organ system
NAD+ Decline by Decade
Why supplementation matters with age
Age 20s100% of peak
Age 30s80% of peak
Age 40s60% of peak
Age 50s50% of peak
Age 60s35% of peak
Yang 2022 (n=1,518)
5/ 5
Evidence: NR Elevates NAD+ in Older Adults
Confirmed in multiple RCTs — the core mechanism is proven
Multiple human RCTs

Need-to-Know

  • Room Temperature (Lyophilized): 8-12 weeks
  • Refrigerated (Reconstituted): Up to 30 days
  • Frozen (Lyophilized): 24 months
  • Reconstitution Solution: Bacteriostatic water
  • Appearance: White powder

Regulatory Status

Not FDA-approvedInvestigationalResearch

Coenzyme in research for cellular energy, metabolism, and anti-aging applications.

Sources: FDA.gov

History

1990s
Found to control aging-related proteins; linked to longevity.
2000s
Shown to decline with age; linked to age-related diseases.
2010s
Supplements created to boost levels.
2020s
Popular anti-aging supplements; ongoing aging research.

3D Structure

Small molecule · 663.43 g/mol

Interactive model
NAD⁺ molecule previewExplore 3D Structure

NAD⁺ at the Cellular Level

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Mechanism
NAD⁺ cellular mechanism preview

NAD⁺ in the Body

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Cellular Energy
NAD⁺ in the Body

Research Library

Peer-reviewed studies

From Published Literature

"NAD+ precursor supplementation not only extends lifespan but also improves healthspan in model organisms, including improved mitochondrial health and muscle strength."

Peer-reviewed researchersTrends in Cell Biology
Verify on PubMed

Complete Your Protocol

Complementary compounds from other research areas